Which was built by the first king of Jerusalem, Baldwin I, in 1115, was known as ‘Krak de Montreal’. It was taken from the Crusaders by Saladin. The ruins at the top of the conical hill mainly belong to the castle that was reconstructed a century later by the Mamluks of Egypt. The strategic location of this castle on the top of a hill enabled the garrison to control the roads towards Araba and Egypt on the southwest, the Arabian Peninsula on the southeast, and Syria on the north.